Parfum, EDP, EDT and cologne: what's the difference?

The label on a fragrance usually includes a term like Eau de Parfum or Eau de Toilette. These describe the concentration: how much fragrance oil is dissolved in the alcohol base. More oil generally means a richer scent that lasts longer, but the name on the bottle is only part of the picture.

The common concentrations

These ranges are approximate. There's no single legal standard, and each brand sets its own.

Stronger isn't always longer-lasting

Concentration matters, but so do the ingredients. Citrus notes fade quickly whatever the concentration, while woods, amber and musks last for hours. A woody EDT can outlast a citrus EDP. How your skin, the weather and your clothes interact with the fragrance matters too.

Same name, different smell

An EDT and an EDP with the same name are often not the same fragrance at different strengths. Brands frequently rework the formula, so the EDP might be warmer or sweeter, or put a different note first. Names like "Intense", "Elixir" or "Absolu" usually signal a richer version, but there's no fixed meaning.

Which should you buy?

• Try both versions on your skin if you can, and wait a few hours before deciding.
• For hot weather or the office, a lighter EDT often wears better.
• For evenings and cold weather, an EDP or parfum gives more depth.
• Price per millilitre is usually higher for stronger versions, but you may need fewer sprays.

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